It results in increased torque, effective speed control over a wide range, and thus better performance of the motor. The electronic commutation provides improved current switching. The key benefits of a brushless DC motor arise from its construction features. BLDC motor controller types Application Area of BLDC Motors and Controllers By measuring the back EMF, you can determine the position of the rotor: the closer the rotor’s magnet, the higher the back EMF. This is the voltage created in the stator’s windings by the rotating armature. The sensorless BLDC motor controller works without a sensor it detects the rotor’s position by estimating back electromotive force ( back EMF). There are plenty of options among sensors, including: You can make the measurements with the help of position sensors or using a sensorless technique. BLDC motor classificationsīLDC motor controllers differ according to the method they use to detect the rotor’s position. However, each of these types can show efficient performance depending on your requirements. The delta connection has no neutrals, so it works better for motors with a balanced load. This can protect the motor from overvoltage and overload. The wye configuration has a neutral wire connected to ground.
The controller receives the information and enables the transistors to switch the current and energize the required winding of the stator at the right time. The sensors measure the rotor’s position and send out this data. In a BLDC motor, it happens electronically with the help of transistor switches.Ī BLDC motor controller detects the position of the rotor either by using sensors (for example, a Hall-effect sensor) or sensorlessly. In a BDC motor, this is a mechanical process triggered by a commutator with brushes. The essential difference is in the method of switching the current applied to the wire windings. A similar process takes place in a brushed DC motor. They attract each other with opposite poles and repel each other with the same poles. The rotor’s magnets and stator’s windings provide the rotation of the motor. a stator with windings that create a magnetic field when energized.an armature or rotor made of permanent and in many cases neodymium magnets and.To understand the working principles of the controller, let us start first with the construction of a brushless motor. Working Principles of BLDC Motors and ControllersĪ BLDC motor controller regulates the speed and torque of the motor it can also start, stop, and reverse its rotation.
This article will shed light on the characteristics of a brushless DC motor controller, that is how it works, how it is built, and what it works best for. However, there are some conceptual differences in their arrangement and implementation. Nevertheless, it will hardly edge out BDC motors completely as it is still a costly solution with a complex construction and control system.Ī BLDC motor controller can perform the same functions and apply similar methods as a brushed DC motor controller. High performance and durability are among the major advantages of a brushless DC motor. In some fields, they have almost squeezed out brushed DC (BDC) motors. Using electronics instead of a mechanical commutator with brushes was a breakthrough in electrical engineering at that time.īLDC motors have found wide application in various industries - from computer hard drives to electric transport and industrial robots.
The implementation of this new type of electrical motor was made possible thanks to a transistor switch invented shortly before. The history of the first brushless DC (BLDC) motor dates back to 1962.